Peripheral vision is obtained through the nerve cells located outside the center or the macula of the retina. These nerve cells enable the eyes to perceive objects and other movements outside the central visual field and the direct line of vision. While looking steadily towards a particular object or direction the eyes gaze on the central visual field or the main object of focus. However, other objects or non-central objects appear outside the area of the central visual field and can be perceived by the eyes. This vision is known as the peripheral or side vision.

Peripheral vision can be distinguished in three types, namely, far peripheral, mid-peripheral and near peripheral. Far-peripheral vision helps in seeing the objects existing at the edges of the visual field whereas mid-peripheral refers to vision in the middle of the visual field. Near peripheral, also known as “paracentral” vision, exists almost next or adjacent to the central area of gaze.

The researches confirm of human beings have weaker peripheral vision as compared to animals, especially when it comes to distinguish shapes and colors. This is due to a greater density of the receptor cells at the center of the retina, which becomes lowest at the edges. In addition, the rod cells and the cone cells, forming the two types of receptor cells, are not able to distinguish colors. They concentrate mostly on the center of the retina, the macula. The peripheral vision helps in detecting motions through the rod cells and is usually stronger at night or in the dark when faced with scarcity of colors and light, which reduces the functionality of the cone cells.

The loss of peripheral vision may occur due to several ocular or neurological disorders. Some of the most common causes of losing peripheral vision may include transient migraine, glaucoma, stroke, ischemic optic neuropathy, branch retinal vein and branch retinal artery occlusion. On the other hand, some of the uncommon and rare causes may be pituitary tumors, brain tumors and aneurysms, and gyrate atrophy, to name a few.

Vision-resource.com Vision provides detailed information on Vision, Vision Care, Vision Correction, Laser Vision Correction and more. Vision is affiliated with e-newyorklasik.com Lasik Rochester New York.

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Laser eye treatment has been around for several years now and as technology continues to advance and treatments of this nature gain wider acceptance, so more and more people are turning to laser eye surgery as an alternative to wearing glasses or contact lenses.

But what are the risks of laser eye treatment?

Although the chances of having a serious vision-threatening complication, or severe eye injury, following laser eye treatment are minimal, the procedure is not without risk and in this short article we’ll examine just some of the more commonly seen problems.

Infection and delayed healing: There is a less than 0.1 percent chance of the cornea becoming infected after laser eye treatment. Generally, this means added discomfort and a delay in healing, with no long-term effects within a period of four years.

Undercorrection/Overcorrection: It is not possible to predict perfectly how the eye will respond to laser eye treatment. As a result, you may still need corrective lenses after the procedure to obtain good vision. In some cases, a second procedure can be done to improve the result.

Decrease in Best-Corrected Vision: After refractive surgery, some patients find that their best obtainable vision with corrective lenses is worse than it was before the surgery. This can occur as a result of irregular tissue removal or the development of corneal haze.

Excessive Corneal Haze: Corneal haze can occur as part of the normal healing process after surgery. In most cases, it has little or no effect on the final vision and can only be seen by an eye doctor with a microscope. However, there are some cases of excessive haze that interferes with vision which can often be dealt with by means of an additional laser treatment.

Regression: In some patients the effect of refractive surgery is gradually lost over several months. This is like an undercorrection, and a re-treatment is often feasible.

Halo Effect: The halo effect is an optical effect that is noticed in dim light. As the pupil enlarges, a second faded image is produced by the untreated peripheral cornea. For some patients this effect can interfere with night driving.

Flap Damage or Loss: Instead of creating a hinged flap of tissue on the central cornea, the entire flap can come off. If this occurs it can be replaced after the laser treatment, however, there is a risk that the flap may be damaged or lost.

Distorted Flap: Irregular healing of the corneal flap can create a distorted corneal shape, resulting in a decrease of best-corrected vision.

Severe dry eye syndrome: As a result of surgery, your eye may not be able to produce enough tears to keep the eye moist and comfortable. Dry eye not only causes discomfort, but can reduce visual quality due to intermittent blurring and other visual symptoms. This condition may be permanent. Intensive drop therapy or other procedures may be required.

Problems with a Perfect Procedure: Even when everything goes perfectly, there are effects that might cause some dissatisfaction. Older patients should be aware that they can’t have both good distance vision and good near vision in the same eye without corrective lenses. Some myopic patients rely on their myopia (by taking off their glasses, or by wearing a weaker prescription) to allow them to read. Such a patient may need reading glasses after the myopia is surgically corrected.

Now at this point you’ve probably decided that laser eye treatment is just too risky, but let’s just put things into perspective.

Although each of the risks mentioned here are very real risks and do appear from time to time, the chances of encountering any of these problems is very small indeed. Literally thousands of procedures are carried out around the world every day and, in the vast majority of cases, patients are very happy with the results.

The purpose of this article is not to scare you off, but simply to help you to make a reasoned and thoughtful decision balancing both the pro’s and the con’s before you embark on laser eye surgery.

For more information on lasiklasereyesurgery.info/Laser-Eye-Treatment.html laser eye treatment and the questions that people considering surgery frequently ask visit LasikLaserEyeSurgery.info LasikLaserEyeSurgery.info today.

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Having problems with vision and having to wear eyeglasses or contact lenses can be burdensome. Some have problems with constantly losing or breaking glasses and tearing contact lenses. Some find it difficult to look for glasses that perfectly fit the shape of their faces and some feel that it makes them look older.

If you are looking for a more permanent solution to these problems, you might want to have a look at laser surgery for eyes.

Laser surgery can be the solution for the problems of your eyes. For those having vision problems, the procedures available are quick and recovery period is shorter.

A number of laser surgery for the eyes are available to address different forms of vision problems. PRK and LASIK are two of the most common laser surgery for eyes recommended to correct vision problems.

The most common cause of poor vision results from poor refraction of light due to distortions on the surface of the eye. Before each laser surgery for eyes, a doctor uses an aberrometer’s laser beams to produce a 3D image of the actual shape of the cornea on a monitor. This helps him find the exact area where re-shaping of tissues should be done.

Laser surgery for the eyes involves scraping or lifting the cornea and using laser beams to re-shape the tissue beneath it. This has been proven t be effective for astigmatism, near sightedness and far sightedness.

Laser surgery for eyes is also recommended for glaucoma patients. Glaucoma results from poor drainage of aqueous fluids in the eye. The result is a build- up of pressure that can press against the optic nerves. This can lead to serious complications especially if the optic nerves are damaged beyond repair. Laser beams can be directed into the area where this fluid accumulates to widen the angle through which it flows.

In the case of glaucoma caused by the construction of new and more blood vessels, laser can be used to destroy these new and often poorly formed blood vessels so aqueous fluids can easily flow.

Some eye diseases can have very serious complications. One example is retinopathy which is a complication of diabetes which can compromise vision. If left on its own, it can cause permanent blindness.

Through laser surgery for eyes, leaky capillaries, swelling and any build-up of fluids can be removed. This helps on preserving and restoring normal eyesight for these patients.

Advanced age can also lead to diseases that can seriously undermine vision. This is best exemplified by age related macular degeneration. New and defective blood vessels form networks that prevent normal eyesight. Through laser surgery for eyes, these unhealthy blood vessels are removed.

People with cataracts can also benefit from laser surgery for the eyes. Through a specific procedure called phacoemulsification, the cataract is broken into smaller pieces. Afterwards, the pieces are suctioned off via a small cut. Minor problems can be in the form of hazy film or blurred vision which can easily be corrected. After the cataract is removed, it does not return.

Laser surgery for eyes has a good number of benefits. Surgery can be done in the doctor’s office with the patient leaving for home as soon as the procedure is complete. Some laser surgery for eyes can take as little as 20 minutes to complete. They are virtually painless and some only describe minor stinging during the procedure.

One may experience increased sensitivity to light and some blurring of vision but these are normal and will clear up in a matter of 3-4 days. Doctors often give eye drops or oral medication to prevent infection and to counter some minor side-effects.

Recovery is also quick and the person can resume normal activities after 4-5 days.

For more information now go to:
perfectlasikvision.com/Laser-Surgery-For-Eyes.html perfectlasikvision.com/Laser-Surgery-For-Eyes.html

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In patients with corneal thickness below a certain minimum, performing LASIK would be unwise, because the “foundation” may not go back to its original stability. Our colleagues from around the world, agree on when not to do LASIK, like when the cornea is very steep or very flat. In those cases we feel strongly that advanced surface ablation or (PRK) would be the preferred procedure.

This information has been shared at seminars, meetings and now, even on webmail. This procedure involves sculpting the cornea at the surface. This is done by removing the epithelium, (the film-like protective outer layer of the cornea) using a special instrument called Amoils epithelial scrubber. The underlying Bowman’s membrane (the micro-thin second tissue layer of the cornea that lies just below the epithelium, or outer layer) is exposed.

Laser pulses with variable spot size and variable repetition rate are applied in a blended large zone. Mitomycin C may be applied if indicated. Chilled BSS is used to cool the cornea. A bandage soft contact lens, is placed afterwards to maintain comfort in the eye. Oral vitamin C along with steroidal and non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drops are prescribed. Patients are asked to wear dark U.V. protective glasses.

Although recovery is usually longer than with LASIK, patients are very happy with their vision. In the early days, PRK was very painful and vision was not good. With dvanced surface ablation there is minimal pain and most patients resume work in 3-4 days.

Dr. Khanna is an Internationally recognized top LASIK and refractive vision care specialist. Dr. Khanna performs the safest and most technologically advanced methods of refractive laser surgery, including the ultra precise WavePrint, 3D ActiveTrak and Variable Spot Scanning used to correct near-sightedness, far-sightedness and astigmatisms. Please see khannainstitute.com/prk.html khannainstitute.com/prk.html

His offices are located at Santa Monica and Westlake Village in Southern California. He does surgery on patients from all over the United States.For further questions feel free to email mailto:lasik@khannainstitute.com lasik@khannainstitute.com

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